Osteoporosis of the hip joint is a serious disease in which the structure of bone tissue changes. The main difficulty faced by patients with osteoporosis of the hip joint is the appearance of damage with minor loads. In addition, the pathological process can spread to the ribs, skull bones, and processes of the vertebral discs.
The development of this pathology is associated with metabolic disorders and other reasons that are established during a comprehensive diagnosis carried out by specialists at the Yusupov Hospital. Research data is used not only in making a diagnosis, but also in developing a comprehensive treatment program. Interdisciplinary cooperation implemented between specialists of various fields at the Yusupov Hospital allows for a comprehensive consideration of the problem.
Treatment of osteoporosis of the hip joint
Osteoporosis affects the entire body. It occurs as a result of disturbances in the normal absorption of calcium. Osteoporosis is characterized by curvature of all bones, especially their heads in the joints, occasional and severe fractures, pain at rest and movement. The bones of the pelvis bear a lot of stress throughout life, and calcium loss in the bones here can be especially high. The processes of destruction of the hip joint often make a person disabled. Preventing such developments is the main task of the doctor.
Diagnosis of osteoporosis
A correct and prompt diagnosis is crucial for immediate initiation of treatment. Therefore, it is recommended to regularly visit a doctor and conduct screening tests (densitometry) if there are risk factors. This applies to postmenopausal women, as well as elderly and senile men. Whenever there is a suspicion of decreased bone mass, these suspicions must be confirmed or refuted by instrumental diagnostic methods. Symptoms that suggest osteoporosis are:
- decreased growth and formation of hyperkyphosis of the thoracic spine (hump)
- severe chronic pain in the back or sternum
- Bone fractures for no apparent reason, especially fractures of the spine due to one's own weight
Causes of osteoporosis
- a drop in the level of vital hormones, which occurs with age and is closely related to menopause in women;
- congenital pathologies that are inherited;
- long-term treatment with drugs, the side effect of which is the suppression of immune cells (hormonal and other drugs);
- monotonous poor-quality diet with deficiency of calcium and vitamin D;
- severe disruption of the endocrine function of some glands;
- passion for smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, substance abuse.
Let us note once again that osteoporosis of the hip joint is a “special case” of a general lesion of the entire skeleton.
Symptoms of osteoporosis
There is a list of common symptoms of osteoporosis, which may differ depending on the type observed and the characteristics of the clinical picture in a particular patient.
Among the main symptoms of osteoporosis are:
- aching, dull pain;
- decreased patient growth;
- increased level of fatigue;
- poor posture;
- the formation of a large amount of plaque, the development of periodontal disease;
- earlier appearance of gray hair;
- increased heart rate;
- disturbance of the general emotional background of the patient.
The presence of at least one or more symptoms of osteoporosis indicates the need to seek qualified medical help.
Diagnosis by a doctor
Complex diagnostics makes it possible to determine at what stage of skeletal destruction the patient is. It is a great success for the patient and the doctor to identify the disease before the first fractures occur, since fractures of the pelvic bones are difficult to treat, and even more so with osteoporosis.
There is a special technique for determining the percentage of bone tissue density, in addition, an X-ray machine helps to identify existing defects in the bones. A blood test is required to determine the content of minerals and hormones. The final picture of the disease is established by a tomograph.
Risk factors for arthrosis and osteoporosis
At first glance, these diseases are very different. Osteoarthritis is more common in overweight people, and osteoporosis is more common in patients with a fragile physique. Brittle bones more often affect women, while osteoarthritis is treated in equal proportions by both sexes.
- A common risk factor for diseases is old age.
Over the years, tissue metabolism slows down. Initial changes in cartilage and bones occur in almost all people after 50-55 years, many develop arthrosis or osteoporosis, and some develop both diseases at the same time.
- The second risk factor is a sedentary lifestyle.
With a lack of physical activity, blood circulation slows down, cartilage does not receive enough nutrition and loses its ability to recover. The density of bones, in turn, depends on the pressure of the muscles adjacent to them. If a person moves little, the muscles weaken, and the risk of osteoporosis increases.
A sedentary lifestyle is a huge step towards arthrosis and osteoporosis
Osteoporosis of the hip joint is a reversible process
If osteoporosis is not treated, a person can get severe fractures that are incompatible with life. But if you identify the disease in time and begin its treatment, you can slow down the rate of leaching of calcium from bone tissue and even begin the reverse process of saturating the bones with calcium and phosphorus. A special feature of the treatment is constant monitoring of bone density. The following groups of drugs are used:
1. means to stop the resorption of bone tissue and aimed at its regeneration;
2. steroid drugs to activate metabolism and build bone mass;
3. painkillers and restoratives;
4. taking hormones to compensate for their deficiency;
5. taking calcium and vitamin D supplements.
What is osteoporosis of the joints?
Osteoporosis is a serious pathological disease of the human body's skeleton, involving a pathological change in the structure of bone tissue.
As the disease progresses, the mass of bone tissue is noticeably reduced, which leads to a loss of strength. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), osteoporosis is the fourth most common disease of non-infectious etiology in the world.
The disease is diagnosed in predominantly elderly people, especially often in women during the last stage of changes in the female reproductive system (postmenopause).
Disease prevention
If you have already crossed the forty-year mark, are involved in sports associated with the risk of fractures, have bad habits, were previously treated with immunosuppressive drugs, or have congenital skeletal diseases, you must understand that you are at risk and that it is better to prevent osteoporosis of the hip joint.
Review your diet, eat less heavy fats and more foods with vitamin D and minerals - dairy, greens, fish, grains, vegetable fats. If there is a lack of these products, you can use synthetic vitamin and mineral preparations.
Give a constant, but not excessive load on your skeleton, for which do aerobics, fitness, swimming, go to the gym.
Expose yourself to the sun more often to increase the production of vitamin D in your skin.
Visit your doctor from time to time for examination. Take steps to treat chronic metabolic diseases.
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Prevention of osteoporosis
In order to maintain the fullness of everyday life, it is important to promptly prevent the occurrence of various types of diseases. Key preventive measures include:
- maintaining an active, healthy lifestyle;
- regular walking;
- avoiding sudden movements;
- adherence to the basics of proper, balanced nutrition;
- systematic stretching and yoga;
- practicing various sports, including swimming;
- periodic visits to the treating specialist, undergoing a preventive examination;
- timely treatment of various diseases.
Do you want to forget about discomfort and enjoy a full life? Take care of your health and do not neglect to seek medical help if alarming symptoms appear.
Prices
| Consultation with a doctor on the treatment of hip osteoporosis | From 500 rub. |
| First treatment cycle (12 sessions) | From 6,500 rub. |
| Second treatment cycle (12 sessions) | From 5,900 rub. |
| One lesson | From 700 rub. |
| General massage | From 1,000 rub. |
| Simple zonal taping | From 500 rub. |
| Combined zonal taping | From 800 rub. |
Based on the results of the consultation, diagnosis and/or treatment will be prescribed.
*Prices in different regions may vary; current information on the cost of services can be obtained from the center manager.
Causes of osteoporosis
Parallel processes constantly occur in bone structures - the formation and destruction of tissue. For the formation of new bone tissue to be effective, building materials are needed. Different organs and systems of the body participate in their formation - through the organs of the digestive system, the synthesis of proteins, carbohydrates and fats occurs. Fats are the main source of energy and building material. Also, with the help of the gastrointestinal tract, calcium and phosphorus are absorbed into the body, with their help bones become dense.
The organs of the endocrine system take part in the regulation of metabolic processes. They also influence the intensity of the processes of formation and resorption of bone mass. The kidneys produce vitamin substances, which also take part in the construction of bone structures.
With the help of the muscular system, more intense bone growth occurs. If the function of at least one of the listed systems is disrupted, the balance of all processes of formation of bone structures is disrupted, and they begin to deteriorate more actively.
The development of osteoporosis occurs under the influence of modifiable and non-modifiable factors. The first person can independently change or control. The latter cannot be changed or influenced.
Modifiable risk factors:
- smoking;
- lack of the required amount of calcium in the diet;
- lack of vitamin D;
- alcohol abuse;
- long-term use of drugs that belong to the group of glucocorticosteroids;
- lack of regular physical activity, physical inactivity;
- staying immobile for a long time.
Non-modifiable precipitating factors:
- age category – patients over 65 years of age are often diagnosed with the disease;
- previous fractures;
- lack of minerals in bones;
- a person's predisposition to falls. The reason for this tendency may be visual impairment, poor quality of sleep, low physical activity, muscle weakness, taking medications that impair coordination and cause attacks of dizziness;
- genetic predisposition;
- deterioration in the production of certain sex hormones in a man or woman;
- disturbances in the functioning of the urinary system;
- underweight.
If a person has one or more risk factors for developing the disease, he must consult a doctor and undergo examinations in order to detect the disease at an early stage and begin timely therapy.
How to get rid of pain from osteoporosis
Provoking factors that cause pain may be different. Their appearance can be provoked by fractures, osteoarthritis, and degenerative processes in the intervertebral discs.
Emergency care for acute pain
In this case, the doctor prescribes painkillers that have a peripheral effect. They are more effective than painkillers that have a central effect.
Drugs with peripheral action:
- Paracetamol;
- Aspirin;
- Metamizole.
You can also get rid of severe pain with the help of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Painkillers must be taken in short courses, as they negatively affect the condition of the gastric mucosa. At the same time, doctors recommend taking Omeprazole or Ezolong to protect the stomach from the aggressive effects of drugs.
With a recent fracture
If a fracture occurs, which is accompanied by severe pain, doctors must prescribe analgesics that belong to the opioid group. These drugs include Tramadol. You cannot use such drugs on your own. Their appropriateness is determined by the doctor after a preliminary examination and consultation. These medications should also be taken in parallel with taking Omeprazole, Omez, Nolpaza or Ezolong.
These medications must be used with caution because they may have side effects such as dizziness, which can lead to the risk of further falls and injuries. In some cases, doctors prescribe the drug Pregabalin. It relieves pain and relieves muscle tension, eliminates tension in nerve endings.
To eliminate the consequences of fractures and strengthen the spine, special drugs are injected subcutaneously that will strengthen bone tissue.
Chronic pain and long term outlook
When it has been possible to relieve severe pain, further efforts should be aimed at strengthening the muscle corset. For this purpose, physiotherapeutic procedures are used; a person needs to perform special gymnastic exercises.
In each specific case, the doctor develops an individual treatment regimen, and therapy methods are selected individually for each patient. To evenly distribute the load on the musculoskeletal system, it is recommended to engage in feasible sports - swimming, yoga, fitness, aerobics, Pilates. This way the muscular system will be strengthened.
How to avoid fractures with osteoporosis
The most dangerous in this disease are fractures of the femoral neck and spine, since their treatment requires prolonged immobilization of the patient. To reduce the likelihood of fractures, it is recommended to educate patients on fall prevention:
- properly organize space in the house;
- perform vision correction on time;
- treat cerebral disorders, polyneuropathy;
- treat orthostatic hypotension and arterial hypertension;
- limit the use of sedatives or consult a doctor about more gentle medications;
- minimize the consumption of alcoholic beverages;
- limit heavy lifting;
- use special devices for more comfortable movement;
- perform therapeutic exercises regularly;
- train the vestibular apparatus.
Complications of diffuse osteoporosis
The most dangerous complication of osteoporosis is fractures. With the diffuse nature of the disease, they can occur in the vertebrae, femoral neck, and shoulder. Osteoporosis of the spine leads to the development of compression fractures even when exposed to minor loads (landing after a jump or falling from one’s own height). A fracture of the spine or femoral neck leads to immobility of the patient, the development of bedsores, congestive pneumonia, infectious complications, and thrombosis. Early surgical treatment can reduce mortality from hip fractures, but it cannot be performed in many elderly patients due to the presence of severe concomitant diseases. For osteoporosis of the spine, operations are not performed at all. Therefore, the only effective treatment for diffuse osteoporosis is early diagnosis and combined conservative therapy. This is the only way to avoid the development of fractures.
If there are symptoms of diffuse osteoporosis, rheumatologists at the Yusupov Hospital prescribe an X-ray examination. Traditional radiography is not able to assess the degree of development of osteoporosis, and it is difficult to examine all bones to identify the diffuse nature of the disease.
Diagnosis of diffuse osteoporosis is carried out using densitometry. There are the following types of bone examination for osteoporosis:
- Dual-energy X-ray computer densitometry;
- Computed tomographic densitometry;
- Ultrasonic densitometry.
During X-ray densitometry, bones are x-rayed at standard points (femoral neck, lumbar spine, radius). After receiving the X-ray image, a special computer program calculates the bone density in the area of interest to the doctor and compares it with indicators that are typical for a healthy person of the same age or for a healthy person aged 40 years.
In computed tomographic densitometry, computed tomography is performed on a multislice tomograph. Bone density is then calculated and compared to a reference density. The advantage of computed tomographic densitometry is the high accuracy of the study, the ability to calculate bone tissue density regardless of the patient’s weight, the presence of metal structures, and adhesions, which can make it difficult to obtain results with conventional X-ray densitometry. The disadvantage of this research method is the increased radiation exposure to the patient's body.
Ultrasonic densitometry measures the speed of passage of an ultrasonic wave through bone tissue. If bone density is reduced, it is looser. Sound waves travel through this bone more slowly. When performing ultrasound densitometry, superficially located bones are used to determine density - the phalanges of the fingers, the radius on the forearm, the anterior surface of the tibia, the fifth metatarsal on the foot.
Laboratory tests are of auxiliary value in the diagnosis of diffuse osteoporosis. Markers (osteocalcin, B-crosslaps, bone fraction of alkaline phosphatase, pyridinoline) make it possible to assess the severity of diffuse osteoporosis and the dynamics of disease progression, but their diagnostic value is lower than densitometry. When examining a patient with suspected bone density disorders, doctors at Yusupov Hospital use the following important laboratory indicators:
- Ionized calcium level;
- Parathyroid hormone;
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D;
- Thyroid hormones.
In women, the content of sex hormones (estradiol, testosterone) in the blood is determined; in men, the level of free testosterone in the blood is determined.
